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War and Society
Readings Schedule
January 2015 |
February 2015 |
March 2015 |
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January 5: The Rise of the Fiscal-Military State in Europe
January 7: International Context and the State, 1600-1871
January 9 & 12: Warfare on Land – The Evolution of Army Style
Figures:
- The Army of France, 1494-1945
- The Army of Prussia / Germany, 1618-1945
- Round Towers vs. Bastions
- Vauban's Defensive Works
- Geneva and its Fortifications in 1841
- Vauban's Siege Technique
- The Siege of Maastricht, 1632
- The Siege of Lille, 1708
- The Siege of Jülich, 1621–22 by Pieter Snayers
Readings:
- Lecture
- Anderson, Parts 1 and 2, pp. 33-156.
- Best, Part 1, pp. 15-62.
Recommended:
- Asch, Ronald G. 1999. "Warfare in the Age of the Thirty Years War, 1598-1648." In Jeremy Black, Ed. European Warfare, 1453-1815. London: Macmillan.
- Wilson, Peter H. 1999. "Warfare in the Old Regime, 1648-1789." In Jeremy Black, Ed. European Warfare, 1453-1815. London: Macmillan.
- Black, Jeremy. 1999. "Revolutionary and Napoleonic Warfare." In Jeremy Black, Ed. European Warfare, 1453-1815. London: Macmillan.
- Lynn, John A. 1996. "The Evolution of Army Style in the Modern West, 800-2000." International History Review, 18(3): 505–45.
January 14 & 16: Warfare at Sea – The Growth of Navies
Figures:
- Dutch Ships Ramming Spanish Galleys off the Flemish Coast in October 1602 by Hendrick Cornelisz Vroom, 1617
- Cut-out diagram of H.M.S. Temeraire
- Redoutable at the Battle of Trafalgar, 1805 by Louis-Philippe Crépin, 1807
- Fleet Tactics in the Age of Sail
- The Battle of the Capes, 1781 by V. Zveg, 1962
Readings:
- Lecture
- Harding, Richard. 1999. "Naval Warfare, 1453-1815." In Jeremy Black, Ed. European Warfare, 1453-1815. London: Macmillan.
Recommended:
- Harding, Richard. 1999. Seapower and Naval Warfare, 1650-1830. London: Routledge. Chapters 3 and 11, pp. 37-58, 281-88.
January 19: NO CLASS (Martin Luther King, Jr. Day)
January 21: How States Paid for War
January 23: Taxation – The Struggle over Assessments
January 26 & 28: Revenue Collection – From Tax Farming to State Bureaucracy
Readings:
- Lecture
Recommended:
- Swart, Koenraad W. 2002. "The Sale of Public Offices." In Arnold J. Heidenheimer and Michael Johnston, Eds. Political Corruption: Concepts & Contexts, Third Edition. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, pp. 95-106.
January 30 & February 2 & 4 & 6: Political Institutions – The Fundamental Problems of Resource Extraction
Readings:
- Lecture
- Levi, Margaret. 1988. Of Rule and Revenue. Berkeley: University of California Press, Chapters 2 and 3.
Recommended:
- Cox, Gary W. 2011. "War, Moral Hazard, and Ministerial Responsibility: England after the Glorious Revolution," Journal of Economic History, 71(1): 133–61.
- Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent. 1998. "The Political Economy of Absolutism Reconsidered." In Robert H. Bates, et al., Eds. Analytic Narratives. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 64-108.
February 9: War on Credit – Borrowing and Debt Servicing
February 11: Effects of War – Fiscal and Administrative Efficiency
Readings:
- Anderson, Part 3, pp. 157-206.
- Hoffman, Philip T., and Kathryn Norberg. 1994. Fiscal Crises, Liberty, and Representative Government, 1450-1789. Stanford: Stanford University Press, Conclusion.
Recommended:
- Kugler, Tadeusz, et al. 2012. "Demographic and Economic Consequences of Conflict."
International Studies Quarterly, doi://10.1111/isqu.12002.
- Organski, A.F.K., and Jacek Kugler. 1977. "The Costs of Major Wars: The Phoenix Factor." American Political Science Review, 71(4): 1347–66.
- Dincecco, Mark. 2009. "Fiscal Centralization, Limited Government, and Public Revenues in Europe, 1650-1913." Journal of Economic History, 69(1): 48--103.
February 13: MIDTERM EXAMINATION
- In class, closed book, closed notes.
February 16: NO CLASS (President's Day)
- In class, closed book, closed notes.
February 18 & 20 & 23 & 25: The Dutch Republic, 1581-1806
Maps:
- House of Habsburg at Abdication of Emperor Charles V, 1555
- Phases of the Dutch Revolt, 1576-98
- The Netherlands, 1568
Figures:
- Common Means Tax in Holland, 1575-1648
- Taxes and Debt in Holland, 1575-1794
- Interest Rates in Holland, 1575-1748
- Finances of Holland, 1575-1794
Required:
- Lecture
Recommended:
- Boogman, J.C. 1979. "The Union of Utrecht: Its Genesis and Consequences." BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review, 94(3): 377–407.
- Fritschy, Wantje. 2003. "A 'Financial Revolution' Reconsidered: Public Finance in Holland during the Dutch Revolt, 1568–1648." Economic History Review, 56(1): 57–89.
February 27 & March 2 & 4 & 6: France, 843-1815
Maps:
- Royal Domain and Fiefs in France, 999
- France during the Second English Invasion, 1415-53
- Fragmented France, 1477
- France in the 18th Century, 1715-89
- The Généralité of France, 1789
Figures:
- French Tax Income, Military Spending, and Defaults, 1600-1789
- Military Spending as Deviation from Peace Trend in France, 1600-1789
- Tax Burden on Average Worker, 1600-1789
Readings:
- Lecture
Recommended:
- Lynn, John A. "The Pattern of Army Growth, 1445-1945." In John A. Lynn, Ed. Tools of War: Instruments, Ideas, and Institutions of Warfare, 1445-1871. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
- Félix, Joël and Frank Tallett. "The French Experience, 1661-1815." In Storrs, Christopher, Ed. The Fiscal-Military State in Eighteenth Century Europe. Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 147-166.
March 9 & 11: Great Britain, 1620-1815
Figures:
- British Debt, 1618-1740
- British Government Interest Rates, 1693-1739
- British Revenue, Military Spending, and Public Debt, 1692-1939
- British and French Expenditure, 1688-1815
Readings:
- Braddick, Michael J. 1996. The Nerves of the State: Taxation and Financing of the English State, 1558-1714. Manchester: Manchester University Press, Chapters 1 and 9.
- O'Brien, Patrick Karl. "The Triumph and Denouement of the British Fiscal State: Taxation for the Wars against Revolutionary and Napoleonic France, 1793-1815." In Storrs, Christopher, Ed. The Fiscal-Military State in Eighteenth Century Europe. Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 167-200.
Recommended:
- O'Brien, Patrick Karl. 1988. The Political Economy of British Taxation, 1660-1815." Economic History Review, 41(1): 1-32.
- North, Douglas C., and Barry R. Weingast. 1989. "Constitutions and Commitment: The Evolution of Institutions Governing Public Choice in Seventeenth-Century England." Journal of Economic History, 49(4): 803-32.
March 13: Review & Comparisons with the United States, 1775 – 2001
Maps:
- Colonial Territories in America, 1775
Figures:
- US Revenue, Military Spending, and Debt, 1791-2000
- US Revenue, Military Spending, and Debt per Capita, 1791-2000
- US Military Spending and Debt Service as Percent of Total Expenditure, 1791-2000
- US Federal Government Revenue Sources, 1791-2000
- US Personal Income Tax and Debt Share per Capita, 1913-2000
- US Top and Bottom Marginal Income Tax Rates, 1913-2012
- US Effective Income Tax Rate for Average Income, 1913-2012
March 18: FINAL EXAMINATION (8:00a-11:00a)
- In-class, closed book, closed notes.